Electric vehicle fires have been a concern for quite some time now, but recent events have shed light on a new risk factor: saltwater. In the aftermath of Hurricane Helene, which brought widespread devastation to Florida, EVs have been spontaneously combusting, and saltwater is believed to be a major contributor to these fires. The state’s Governor, Ron DeSantis, advised EV owners to move their vehicles to higher ground before the hurricane hit to prevent submersion and reduce the risk of fires.
The reason why saltwater poses such a serious threat to electric vehicle batteries is because salt is a good conductor of electricity. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has been studying this issue since EVs first started catching fire after Hurricane Sandy in 2012. While freshwater flooding in other regions has not resulted in as many EV fires as seen in Florida, saltwater seems to be the key factor.
According to experts, electric vehicles with lithium-ion batteries can catch fire if the batteries short circuit and begin to heat up. Tom Barth from the National Transportation Safety Board explained that if heat spreads between different cells in the battery pack, it can lead to a chain reaction known as thermal runaway. The risk of a short circuit increases if saltwater manages to bridge the gap between the positive and negative terminals of the battery.
Car manufacturers have implemented safety measures to prevent such incidents, including separations or insulation barriers between cells in the battery pack and moisture seals to keep water out. However, if the batteries are submerged in standing water, the moisture seals can be compromised, leading to potential fire hazards. Even after the water recedes, the damage caused by saltwater submersion can persist, as the conductive salt remains present.
After Hurricane Ian, it was reported that around 5,000 EVs were affected by water damage, with 36 of them catching fire. While not every submerged EV will catch fire, it is crucial to take precautions, especially since EV fires are challenging to extinguish. Following Hurricane Helene’s storm surge, which caused ocean water to flood areas as deep as 20 feet in Florida, the risk of EV fires in the state remains high.
If your electric vehicle has been compromised by flooding, it is recommended to park it away from anything flammable and have it inspected by a professional. By being aware of the risks associated with saltwater submersion, EV owners can take steps to protect their vehicles and prevent potentially dangerous situations. Stay safe and informed to avoid any unwanted incidents with your electric vehicle.
